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营商环境报告:东亚经济体继续大力推进改革议程改善营商环境

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世界银行集团今天发布的《2019年营商环境报告:强化培训,促进改革》称,东亚太平洋地区各经济体继续大力推进改革议程,在过去一年里实施了43项改革以改善中小企业的营商便利度。

在东亚太平洋地区的25个经济体中,有两个经济体位列世界排名前十,即,新加坡(排名第2位)和中国香港特别行政区(上升一位至第4位)。中国跻身今年营商环境改善排名前十。中国在过去一年实施7项改革,创单年度记录,在全球排名中上升至第46位。马来西亚也取得显著改善,重新进入世界排名前二十的经济体行列,排名上升9位至第15位。

中国在报告涵盖的北京和上海两城市通过网络扩容和免费通电,使获得电力更加便利。为客户推出新的手机APP也使报装接电所需时间从143天缩短为34天。通过取消营业税,允许所有印花税联合申报和缴纳,并通过实施多项行政改革措施缩短合规纳税所需时间,使纳税更加便利。在办理施工许可方面,简化了申办施工许可证和注册登记新建筑物的程序,提高了质量控制标准。中国还通过加强股东在重大公司决策中的权利和作用,明晰所有权和控制结构,要求对股东产生的法律费用给予报销,从而加强了对少数投资者的保护。中国实施的其他改革还包括提升了开办企业、跨境贸易和登记财产的便利度。

马来西亚实施了6项改革,通过简化获得建筑许可的程序,使办理施工许可证更便利,通过推出商品及服务税(GST)在线注册系统,增加了开办企业的便利度。马来西亚还在其他领域进行了改革,包括推出在线单一窗口平台,使财产转移和公司办理破产更便利。

印度尼西亚和越南在过去一年里各进行了3项改革。在印尼,改革目的是简化开办企业、登记财产的手续,改善获得信贷的机会。在越南,改善措施提高了执行合同、纳税和开办企业的便利度。

在菲律宾,通过加强股东在重大公司决策中的权利和作用,以及明晰所有权和控制结构,加强了对少数投资者的保护。在开办企业方面,菲律宾简化了办理税务登记和营业许可证的程序,但增加了税务登记成本。增加进口检查的次数,加大了跨境贸易的难度,从而延长了边境合规所需要的平均时间。

其他国家的改革包括蒙古国通过降低原告费用,使执行合同变得更容易,而东帝汶通过降低最低实缴资本要求,减少了开办企业的成本。

编制《营商环境报告》的世行全球指标局高级经理丽塔·拉马霍说:“东亚太平洋地区在促进创业和私营企业方面取得了重大进展。随着该地区改革势头不断增强,掉队的经济体也有机会学习邻国采取的良好做法。”

该地区经济体在营商环境的办理施工许可证和获取电力领域表现良好。例如,建造一个仓库平均需要133天,成本不到仓库价值的2%,而全球平均水平为158天,成本为仓库价值的4.8%。

在执行合同等领域仍存在改善的空间,需要更广泛地采用国际良好实践,例如替代性争议解决制度和建立专门的商事法院。该地区四分之三的经济体没有专门审理商业案件的法院。此外,该地区解决商业纠纷的成本平均占索赔金额的47%,而全球的这一比例为33%。

在过去一年该地区进行的改革中,实施了10项使开办企业更加便利的改革,其中7项是使获得电力的过程便利化,5项是使办理施工许可证更容易、更安全。

自2003年营商环境项目开始以来,开办企业一直是东亚太平洋地区最普遍的改革领域。因此,该地区开办企业的平均耗时几乎缩短了一半,从2003年的50天缩短为28天,成本从2003年人均收入的59%大幅减少到现在的19%。

今年,《营商环境报告》收集了对政府官员和企业及土地注册登记处用户提供的培训数据。报告中的一个案例通过分析这些数据,发现对有关官员的强制性和年度培训与提高企业和土地注册登记效率相关。关于执行合同和处理破产的第二个案例研究了世界各地的法官教育和培训,发现印尼制度化的法官培训计划对成功实施建立小额索赔法院的改革措施和顺利通过新破产法起到了支持作用,压缩了审理破产案件所需时间。另外两个案例侧重于研究电工认证和海关官员培训的效益。

报告全文及其数据集参见:chinese.doingbusiness.org

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McKinsey Reduces Workforce by 500 in Overhaul of China Operations – WSJ

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McKinsey plans to cut about 500 jobs in China, reducing its workforce by a third as part of a strategic revamp focused on minimizing security risks and decreasing government-linked clients.


McKinsey Job Cuts in China

McKinsey & Company, the renowned US consulting firm, is reportedly laying off approximately 500 employees as part of a significant restructuring in its Chinese operations. This decision reflects the company’s shift away from government-linked clientele, a strategy aimed at mitigating political and security risks in the region.

Workforce Reduction

The job cuts will result in a reduction of McKinsey’s workforce in China by roughly one-third. Over the past two years, the firm has been downsizing its personnel across Greater China, which includes Hong Kong and Taiwan, affecting hundreds of positions. As of June 2023, McKinsey employed nearly 1,500 individuals in Greater China.

Strategic Separation

To address rising security concerns, McKinsey is separating its China unit from its global operations. This move aims to enhance operational security while navigating the complexities of the Chinese market. McKinsey has not yet commented on these developments following a request for information.

Source : McKinsey Cuts 500 Jobs Amid Revamp of China Business – WSJ

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This Chinese EV Manufacturer is Ready to Compete with Elon Musk in China

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Chinese EV startup Xpeng aims to compete with Tesla in China, developing autonomous driving tech while facing tariffs blocking US entry, and preparing for tough competition in the growing Chinese EV market.


Testing Tech Against Tesla

Chinese EV startup Xpeng is excited about comparing its technology with Tesla’s, especially since it is currently barred from entering the U.S. market due to high tariffs. Xpeng co-president Brian Gu expressed eagerness for this competition, which he sees as an opportunity for both companies to learn from each other and improve their offerings.

Tariff Challenges

The tariffs imposed by the U.S. and European Union have significantly impacted Xpeng and other Chinese EV manufacturers by blocking them from key markets. In May, President Biden introduced a 100% tariff on China-made electric vehicles, aiming to protect the U.S. automotive industry. Gu noted that these levies put pressure on profitability and may affect Xpeng’s pricing strategies.

Future Strategies

Despite these hurdles, Xpeng continues to thrive in China’s lucrative EV market, boasting record sales recently. The company is exploring establishing production facilities in Europe to mitigate tariff impacts. With aggressive pricing, such as the upcoming P7+ model, Xpeng aims to compete effectively against Tesla’s lineup while fostering innovation within the industry.

Source : This Chinese EV maker is up for a battle with Elon Musk in China

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China Signals Increased Fiscal Stimulus for Economy, Omits Key Size Details – Reuters.com

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China signals increased fiscal stimulus for its economy but does not provide specific details on the size or extent of the measures, as reported by Reuters.


Increased Fiscal Stimulus in China

China is indicating a commitment to enhance fiscal stimulus measures to support its economy. This decision comes in the wake of economic challenges faced by the nation, as authorities look for ways to bolster growth. While the intention is clear, specific details regarding the size and structure of these fiscal measures remain vague.

Economic Context

Recent economic indicators suggest a slowdown, prompting the Chinese government to consider additional stimulus strategies. The lack of concrete information on the fiscal plan raises questions about its effectiveness and potential impact on the economy. Clarity on the specifics will be essential for analysts and businesses looking for guidance.

Future Implications

As markets respond to these signals, investors are keenly watching for further developments. The absence of key details highlights a common concern in economic policy—uncertainty can affect confidence and investment decisions. Going forward, the focus will be on how the Chinese government balances stimulus with long-term economic goals.

Source : China flags more fiscal stimulus for economy, leaves out key details on size – Reuters.com

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