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China

China Implements New Regulations for Fair Competition Reviews to Enhance Business Environment

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The State Council released Fair Competition Review Regulations to ensure a level playing field for state-owned and private companies. Administrative authorities must conduct fair competition reviews of policy measures to prevent favoritism. Policy measures that restrict market access, flow of goods, or increase production costs will not be issued.


On June 6, 2024, the State Council released the final version of the Fair Competition Review Regulations (the “regulations), in an effort to “unify the domestic environment” and level the playing field between state-owned and private companies.

The regulations, which are based on China’s Anti-Monopoly Law, will require administrative authorities to conduct fair competition reviews when drafting laws, administrative regulations, local regulations, rules, normative documents, and policy measures (hereinafter collectively referred to as policy measures), to ensure that they do not unfairly favor certain market entities.

The regulations prohibit drafting authorities from including any content in policy measures that may negatively impact market access, the free flow of goods and resources, production and business costs, or production and business activities. Policy measures found to contain any such content during the review process (or that do not qualify for the exemptions, see below) will not be issued.

Specifically, the following content that may directly or indirectly restrict market access and exit cannot be included:

They also cannot include the following content that may restrict the free flow of goods and resources:

Without a legal or administrative regulatory basis or State Council approval, they also cannot include the following content that affects production and business costs:

This article is republished from China Briefing. Read the rest of the original article.

China Briefing is written and produced by Dezan Shira & Associates. The practice assists foreign investors into China and has done since 1992 through offices in Beijing, Tianjin, Dalian, Qingdao, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Suzhou, Guangzhou, Dongguan, Zhongshan, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong. Please contact the firm for assistance in China at china@dezshira.com.

China

China Extends 5-Year Travel Permit to Mainland for Non-Chinese Residents of Hong Kong and Macao

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The National Immigration Administration announced a new five-year Mainland Travel Permit for foreign permanent residents of Hong Kong and Macao, allowing them to visit China for short-term purposes. The initiative aims to streamline immigration processes and enhance integration with the mainland, specifically within the Greater Bay Area.


On July 1, 2024, the National Immigration Administration (NIA) announced a new measure aimed at enhancing travel convenience for foreign permanent residents of Hong Kong and Macao. Starting July 10, 2024, these residents will be able to apply for a five-year Mainland Travel Permit (hereinafter, the “permit”), allowing them to visit the Chinese mainland for short-term purposes.

The initiative is part of China’s ongoing efforts to streamline immigration processes and foster greater integration of Hong Kong and Macao with the mainland, particularly within the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA).

To be eligible for the permit, applicants must:

The new travel permit covers the following scope:

The permit is valid for five years. During this period, holders can travel to the Chinese mainland multiple times, with each stay not exceeding 90 days.

Permit holders are not allowed to work, study, or engage in news coverage activities while in the Chinese mainland.

This article is republished from China Briefing. Read the rest of the original article.

China Briefing is written and produced by Dezan Shira & Associates. The practice assists foreign investors into China and has done since 1992 through offices in Beijing, Tianjin, Dalian, Qingdao, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Suzhou, Guangzhou, Dongguan, Zhongshan, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong. Please contact the firm for assistance in China at china@dezshira.com.

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China and Poland Forge Strong Economic Ties through Trade and Investment

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Poland and China have had a constructive relationship since 1949, focusing on enhancing bilateral cooperation in trade, agriculture, and infrastructure under the Belt and Road Initiative. Despite recent challenges and shifts in relations, high-level political interactions between the two nations have remained consistent.


Poland and China have maintained a constructive relationship since 1949, with significant economic and diplomatic engagements. Recent high-level meetings, including Duda’s 2024 visit to Beijing, have focused on enhancing bilateral cooperation, particularly in trade, agriculture, and infrastructure under the Belt and Road Initiative, amidst

China and Poland have cultivated a constructive relationship since establishing formal diplomatic ties, marked by significant economic and diplomatic engagement. Poland’s participation in China’s 16+1 format, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), and the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) underscores its commitment to enhancing bilateral ties, aiming to boost economic growth and secure alternative funding outside the EU.

However, in recent years, this relationship has undergone notable changes. The anticipated economic benefits did not fully materialize, prompting a reassessment in Warsaw, especially amidst increasing geopolitical tensions, including the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Despite these challenges, high-level political interactions between both nations have remained consistent, indicating ongoing, albeit cautious, dialogue.

This article provides insights into bilateral trade and investment between China and Poland, alongside an overview of the tax and investment treaties that underpin their economic relationship.

Diplomatic ties between the Republic of Poland and the People’s Republic of China were established in 1949. Since then, the relationship between Poland and China has evolved into a multifaceted and evolving partnership. In June 2016, under the leadership of Chinese President Xi Jinping and Polish President Andrzej Duda, China and Poland elevated their relationship to a strategic partnership.

Since the beginning of the Trump administration’s trade disputes with China in 2017, however, Poland, as Europe’s largest participant in China’s BRI, has experienced significant shifts in its relations with Beijing. This period coincided with heightened Sino-US rivalry, exacerbated by the global pandemic, which has influenced Polish perceptions of China.

A pivotal event impacting Sino-Polish relations has been Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. China’s perceived neutrality and alignment with Russia in this conflict have strained ties with Poland, as its seen by many in Poland as favoring Russia.

This article is republished from China Briefing. Read the rest of the original article.

China Briefing is written and produced by Dezan Shira & Associates. The practice assists foreign investors into China and has done since 1992 through offices in Beijing, Tianjin, Dalian, Qingdao, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Suzhou, Guangzhou, Dongguan, Zhongshan, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong. Please contact the firm for assistance in China at china@dezshira.com.

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Outlook on China-Hungary Bilateral Trade and Investment Relations

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China and Hungary have had a strong relationship since 1949, with significant exchanges in energy and infrastructure. Hungary plays a key role in economic ties between China and Central and Eastern European countries. The two nations support each other’s interests and cooperate in various areas, with bilateral trade reaching $14.52 billion in 2023. Major projects include a high-speed rail connecting Budapest and Belgrade, with Hungary welcoming increased Chinese investment in key sectors.


The relationship between China and Hungary dates to October 1949, during the first week of the formation of the People’s Republic of China. Over the years, this bilateral relationship has fostered significant exchanges in energy and infrastructure. Diplomatic ties between the two nations remain strong, characterized by regular high-level visits and dialogues. Both countries actively support each other’s core interests and cooperate within multilateral frameworks, including the United Nations and the China-Central and Eastern European Countries (China-CEEC) cooperation mechanism.

As a member of the 17+1 cooperation framework, Hungary plays a pivotal role in facilitating economic ties between China and Central and Eastern European countries. Hungary was the first European country to sign the BRI cooperation document with China, which aligned with Budapest’s “Eastern Opening” strategy. This enhanced bilateral practical cooperation in trade, investment, finance, and other areas. In fact, Hungary is the third-largest trade partner of China in the Central and Eastern European area, while China remains Hungary’s largest trade partner outside the European Union. In 2023, bilateral trade volume surged to US$14.52 billion, marking a remarkable 73 percent increase since 2013.

A major highlight of their cooperation is China’s financing of a high-speed rail project connecting the capitals of Hungary (Budapest) and Serbia (Belgrade).

Furthermore, the China (Xi’an) – Hungary Economic and Trade Cooperation Exchange Meeting, held in Budapest in June 2024, reflects Hungary’s eagerness for increased Chinese investment in sectors like modern agriculture, food processing, machinery manufacturing, geothermal and photovoltaic energy, and tourism.

China and Hungary have maintained robust bilateral trade cooperation, overcoming challenges and achieving substantial growth over the years. According to the China Economic Information Service (CEIS), bilateral trade between the two countries reached US$14.52 billion in 2023, representing a 73 percent increase compared to 2013.

The focus of this trade relationship lies in high-value-added machinery, electrical equipment, and advanced technology products. Specifically, the following categories of items account for over 80 percent of the bilateral trade volume: electric motors, electrical equipment and components; boilers, machinery and parts; vehicles and parts; and optical, photographic, and medical equipment and components.

This article is republished from China Briefing. Read the rest of the original article.

China Briefing is written and produced by Dezan Shira & Associates. The practice assists foreign investors into China and has done since 1992 through offices in Beijing, Tianjin, Dalian, Qingdao, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Suzhou, Guangzhou, Dongguan, Zhongshan, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong. Please contact the firm for assistance in China at china@dezshira.com.

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